Header:
OHIO ADMINISTRATIVE CODE ANNOTATED
4101:1 BOARD OF BUILDING STANDARDS: OHIO BUILDING CODE
CHAPTER 4101:1-30 ELEVATORS AND CONVEYING
Date:
09/28/2012
Document:
4101:1-30-01. Elevators and conveying systems.
[Comment: When a reference is made within this rule to a federal statutory provision, an industry consensus standard, or any other technical publication, the specific date and title of the publication as well as the name and address of the promulgating agency are listed in rule 4101:1-35-01 of the Administrative Code. The application of the referenced standards shall be limited and as prescribed in section 102.5 of rule 4101:1-1-01 of the Administrative Code.]
SECTION 3001 GENERAL
3001.1 Scope. This chapter governs the design, construction, installation, alteration and repair of elevators, escalators, vertical and inclined wheel chair lifts, dumbwaiters, moving walks, stair lifts, and belt manlifts,including the elevator hoistway enclosures, the elevator machine rooms, the elevator hoistway venting systems, and the emergency systems that interface with them. This chapter also governs the enclosure and related building and system requirements for conveyor and conveying systems, but does not regulate the design, construction, or installation of material-handling conveyors within the scope of ASME B20.1.
3001.2 Referenced standards. The design, construction, installation, alteration, repair, inspection, and maintenance of elevators, escalators, vertical and inclined wheel chair lifts, dumbwaiters, moving walks, stair lifts, belt manlifts and their components shall conform to the "Ohio Elevator Code" as listed in Chapter 35 and to ASCE 24 for construction in flood hazard areas established in Section 1612.3.
3001.3 Accessibility. All new passenger elevators, escalators, and vertical and inclined wheel chair lifts shall conform to the accessibility requirements of Chapter 11.
3001.4 Change in use. A change in use of an elevator from freight to passenger, passenger to freight, or from one freight class to another freight class shall comply with the "Ohio Elevator Code" as listed in Chapter 35.
3001.5 Where required. This chapter does not prescribe when elevators are required, but merely prescribes the requirements for elevators when they are installed, whether for accessibility purposes (section 1104), accessible means of egress purposes (section 1007), fire service access purposes (section 403.6.1), occupant evacuation purposes (section 403.6.2), or for convenience to the occupants.
SECTION 3002 HOISTWAY ENCLOSURES
3002.1 Hoistway enclosure protection. Elevator, dumbwaiter and other hoistway enclosures shall be shaft enclosures complying with Section 708.
3002.1.1 Opening protectives. Openings in hoistway enclosures shall be protected as required in Chapter 7.
Exception: The elevator car doors and the associated hoistway enclosure doors at the floor level designated for recall in accordance with Section 3003.2 shall be permitted to remain open during Phase I Emergency Recall Operation.
3002.1.2 Hardware. Hardware on opening protectives shall be of an approved type installed as tested, except that approved interlocks, mechanical locks and electric contacts, door and gate electric contacts and door-operating mechanisms shall be exempt from the fire test requirements.
3002.2 Number of elevator cars in a hoistway. Where four or more elevator cars serve all or the same portion of a building, the elevators shall be located in at least two separate hoistways. Not more than four elevator cars shall be located in any single hoistway enclosure.
3002.3 Emergency signs. An approved pictorial sign of a standardized design shall be posted adjacent to each elevator call station on all floors instructing occupants to use the exit stairways and not to use the elevators in case of fire. The sign shall read: IN FIRE EMERGENCY, DO NOT USE ELEVATOR. USE EXIT STAIRS.
Exceptions: 1. The emergency sign shall not be required for elevators that are part of an accessible means of egress complying with Section 1007.4.
2. The emergency sign shall not be required for elevators that are used for occupant self-evacuation in accordance with Section 3008.
3002.4 Elevator car to accommodate ambulance stretcher. Where elevators are provided in buildings four or more stories above, or four or more stories below, grade plane, at least one elevator shall be provided for fire department emergency access to all floors. The elevator car shall be of such a size and arrangement to accommodate an ambulance stretcher 24 inches by 84 inches (610 mm by 2134 mm) with not less than 5-inch (127 mm) radius corners, in the horizontal, open position and shall be identified by the international symbol for emergency medical services (star of life). The symbol shall not be less than 3 inches (76 mm) high and shall be placed inside on both sides of the hoistway door frame.
3002.5 Emergency doors. Where an elevator is installed in a single blind hoistway or on the outside of a building, there shall be installed in the blind portion of the hoistway or blank face of the building, an emergency door in accordance with the "Ohio Elevator Code" as listed in Chapter 35.
3002.6 Prohibited doors. Doors, other than hoistway doors and the elevator car door, shall be prohibited at the point of access to an elevator car unless such doors are readily openable from the car side without a key, tool, special knowledge or effort.
3002.7 Common enclosure with stairway. Elevators shall not be in a common shaft enclosure with a stairway.
Exception: Open parking garages.
3002.8 Glass in elevator enclosures. Glass in elevator enclosures shall comply with Section 2409.1.
SECTION 3003 EMERGENCY OPERATIONS
3003.1 Standby power. In buildings and structures where standby power is required or furnished to operate an elevator, the operation shall be in accordance with Sections 3003.1.1 through 3003.1.4.
3003.1.1 Manual transfer. Standby power shall be manually transferable to all elevators in each bank.
3003.1.2 One elevator. Where only one elevator is installed, the elevator shall automatically transfer to standby power within 60 seconds after failure of normal power.
3003.1.3 Two or more elevators. Where two or more elevators are controlled by a common operating system, all elevators shall automatically transfer to standby power within 60 seconds after failure of normal power where the standby power source is of sufficient capacity to operate all elevators at the same time. Where the standby power source is not of sufficient capacity to operate all elevators at the same time, all elevators shall transfer to standby power in sequence, return to the designated landing and disconnect from the standby power source. After all elevators have been returned to the designated level, at least one elevator shall remain operable from the standby power source.
3003.1.4 Venting. Where standby power is connected to elevators, the machine room ventilation or air conditioning shall be connected to the standby power source.
3003.2 Fire-fighters' emergency operation. Elevators shall be provided with Phase I emergency recall operation and Phase II emergency in-car operation in accordance with the "Ohio Elevator Code" and NFPA 72 as listed in Chapter 35.
SECTION 3004 HOISTWAY VENTING
3004.1 Vents required. Hoistways of elevators and dumbwaiters penetrating more than three stories shall be provided with a means for venting smoke and hot gases to the outer air in case of fire.
Exceptions: 1. In occupancies of other than Groups R-1, R-2, I-1, I-2 and similar occupancies with overnight sleeping units, venting of hoistways is not required where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.
2. Sidewalk elevator hoistways are not required to be vented.
3. Elevators contained within and serving open parking garages only.
4. Elevators within individual residential dwelling units.
3004.2 Location of vents. Vents shall be located at the top the hoistway and shall open either directly to the outer air or through noncombustible ducts to the outer air. Noncombustible ducts shall be permitted to pass through the elevator machine room, provided that portions of the ducts located outside the hoistway or machine room are enclosed by construction having not less than the fire-resistance rating required for the hoistway. Holes in the machine room floors for the passage of ropes, cables or other moving elevator equipment shall be limited as not to provide greater than 2 inches (51 mm) of clearance on all sides.
3004.3 Area of vents. Except as provided for in Section 3004.3.1, the area of the vents shall not be less than 3 1/2 percent of the area of the hoistway nor less than 3 square feet (0.28 m2) for each elevator car, and not less than 3 1/2 percent nor less than 0.5 square feet (0.047 m2) for each dumbwaiter car in the hoistway, whichever is greater. Of the total required vent area, not less than one-third shall be permanently open. Closed portions of the required vent area shall consist of openings glazed with annealed glass not greater than 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) in thickness.
Exception: The total required vent area shall not be required to be permanently open where all the vent openings automatically open upon detection of smoke in the elevator lobbies or hoistway, upon power failure and upon activation of a manual override control. The manual override control shall be capable of opening and closing the vents and shall be located in an approved location.
3004.3.1 Reduced vent area. Where mechanical ventilation conforming to the mechanical code is provided, a reduction in the required vent area is allowed provided that all of the following conditions are met:
1. The occupancy is not in Group R-1, R-2, I-1 or I-2 or of a similar occupancy with overnight sleeping units.
2. The vents required by Section 3004.2 do not have outside exposure.
3. The hoistway does not extend to the top of the building.
4. The hoistway and machine room exhaust fan is automatically reactivated by thermostatic means.
5. Equivalent venting of the hoistway is accomplished.
3004.4 Plumbing and mechanical systems. Plumbing and mechanical systems shall not be located in an elevator shaft.
Exception: Floor drains, sumps and sump pumps shall be permitted at the base of the shaft provided they are indirectly connected to the plumbing system in accordance with the plumbing code.
SECTION 3005 CONVEYING SYSTEMS
3005.1 General. Escalators, moving walks, conveyors, personnel hoists and material hoists shall comply with the provisions of this section.
3005.2 Escalators and moving walks. Escalators and moving walks shall be constructed of approved noncombustible and fire-retardant materials. This requirement shall not apply to electrical equipment, wiring, wheels, handrails and the use of 1/28-inch (0.9 mm) wood veneers on balustrades backed up with noncombustible materials.
3005.2.1 Enclosure. Escalator floor openings shall be enclosed with shaft enclosures complying with Section 708.
3005.2.2 Escalators. 3Where provided in below-grade transportation stations, escalators shall have a clear width of 32 inches (815 mm) minimum.
Exception: The clear width is not required in existing facilities undergoing alterations.
3005.3 Conveyors. Buildings containing material-handling conveyors and conveying systems shall be provided with safety features as required in Sections 3005.3.1 and 3005.3.2.
3005.3.1 Enclosure. Conveyors and related equipment connecting successive floors or levels shall be enclosed with shaft enclosures complying with Section 708.
3005.3.2 Conveyor safeties. Power-operated conveyors, belts and other material-moving devices shall be equipped with automatic limit switches which will shut off the power in an emergency and automatically stop all operation of the device.
3005.4 Personnel and material hoists. Personnel and material hoists shall be designed utilizing an approved method that accounts for the conditions imposed during the intended operation of the hoist device. The design shall include, but is not limited to, anticipated loads, structural stability, impact, vibration, stresses and seismic restraint. The design shall account for the construction, installation, operation and inspection of the hoist tower, car, machinery and control equipment, guide members and hoisting mechanism. Additionally, the design of personnel hoists shall include provisions for field testing and maintenance which will demonstrate that the hoist device functions in accordance with the design. Field tests shall be conducted upon the completion of an installation or following a major alteration of a personnel hoist.
SECTION 3006 MACHINE ROOMS
3006.1 Access. An approved means of access shall be provided to elevator machine rooms and overhead machinery spaces.
3006.2 Venting. Elevator machine rooms that contain solid-state equipment for elevator operation shall be provided with an independent ventilation or airconditioning system to protect against the overheating of the electrical equipment. The system shall be capable of maintaining temperatures within the range established for the elevator equipment.
3006.3 Pressurization. The elevator machine room serving a pressurized elevator hoistway shall be pressurized upon activation of a heat or smoke detector located in the elevator machine room.
3006.4 Machine rooms and machinery spaces. Elevator machine rooms and machinery spaces shall be enclosed with fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 or horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 712, or both. The fire-resistance rating shall not be less than the required rating of the hoistway enclosure served by the machinery. Openings in the fire barriers shall be protected with assemblies having a fire protection rating not less than that required for the hoistway enclosure doors.
Exceptions: 1. Where machine rooms and machinery spaces do not abut and have no openings to the hoistway enclosure they serve the fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 or horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 712, or both, shall be permitted to be reduced to a 1- hour fire-resistance rating.
2. In buildings four stories or less above grade plane when machine room and machinery spaces do not abut and have no openings to the hoistway enclosure they serve, the machine room and machinery spaces are not required to be fire-resistance rated.
3006.5 Shunt trip. Where elevator hoistways or elevator machine rooms containing elevator control equipment are protected with automatic sprinklers, a means installed in accordance with NFPA 72, Section 21.4, Elevator Shutdown, shall be provided to disconnect automatically the main line power supply to the affected elevator prior to the application of water. This means shall not be selfresetting. The activation of sprinklers outside the hoistway or machine room shall not disconnect the main line power supply.
3006.6 Plumbing systems. Plumbing systems shall not be located in elevator equipment rooms.
SECTION 3007 FIRE SERVICE ACCESS ELEVATOR
3007.1 General. Where required by Section 403.6.1, every floor of the building shall be served by a fire service access elevator. Except as modified in this section, the fire service access elevator shall be installed in accordance with this chapter and the "Ohio Elevator Code" as listed in Chapter 35.
3007.2 Hoistway enclosures protection. The fire service access elevator shall be located in a shaft enclosure complying with Section 708.
3007.3 Hoistway lighting. When firefighters' emergency operation is active, the entire height of the hoistway shall be illuminated at not less than 1 foot-candle (11 lux) as measured from the top of the car of each fire service access elevator.
3007.4 Fire service access elevator lobby. The fire service access elevator shall open into a fire service access elevator lobby in accordance with Sections 3007.4.1 through 3007.4.4.
Exception: Where a fire service access elevator has two entrances onto a floor, the second entrance shall be permitted to open into an elevator lobby in accordance with Section 708.14.1.
3007.4.1 Access. The fire service access elevator lobby shall have direct access to an exit enclosure.
3007.4.2 Lobby enclosure. The fire service access elevator lobby shall be enclosed with a smoke barrier having a minimum 1-hour fire-resistance rating, except that lobby doorways shall comply with Section 3007.4.3.
Exception: Enclosed fire service access elevator lobbies are not required at the street floor.
3007.4.3 Lobby doorways. Each fire service access elevator lobby shall be provided with a doorway that is protected with a 3/4-hour fire door assembly complying with Section 715.4. The fire door assembly shall also comply with the smoke and draft control door assembly requirements of Section 715.4.3.1 with the UL 1784 test conducted without the artificial bottom seat.
3007.4.4 Lobby size. Each enclosed fire service access elevator lobby shall be a minimum of 150 square feet (14 m[2]) in area with a minimum dimension of 8 feet (2440 mm).
3007.5 Standpipe hose connection. A Class I standpipe hose connection in accordance with Section 905 shall be provided in the exit enclosure having direct access from the fire service access elevator lobby.
3007.6 Elevator system monitoring. The fire service access elevator shall be continuously monitored at the fire command center by a standard emergency service interface system meeting the requirements of NFPA 72.
3007.7 Electrical power. The following features serving each fire service access elevator shall be supplied by both normal power and Type 60/Class 2/Level 1 standby power:
1. Elevator equipment.
2. Elevator hoistway lighting.
3. Elevator machine room ventilation and cooling equipment.
4. Elevator controller cooling equipment.
3007.7.1 Protection of wiring or cables. Wires or cables that provide normal and standby power, control signals, communication with the car, lighting, heating, air conditioning, ventilation and fire-detecting systems to fire service access elevators shall be protected by construction having a minimum 1-hour fire-resistance rating or shall be circuit integrity cable having a minimum 1-hour fire-resistance rating.
SECTION 3008 OCCUPANT EVACUATION ELEVATORS
3008.1 General. Where elevators are to be used for occupant self-evacuation during fires, all passenger elevators for general public use shall comply with this section. Where other elevators are used for occupant self-evacuation, they shall also comply with this section.
3008.2 Fire safety and evacuation plan. The building shall have an approved fire safety and evacuation plan in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 404 of the fire code. The fire safety and evacuation plan shall incorporate specific procedures for the occupants using evacuation elevators.
3008.3 Operation. The occupant evacuation elevators shall be used for occupant self-evacuation only in the normal elevator operating mode prior to Phase I Emergency Recall Operation in accordance with the requirements in the "Ohio Elevator Code" listed in Chapter 35 and the building's fire safety and evacuation plan.
3008.4 Additional exit stairway. Where an additional means of egress is required in accordance with Section 403.5.2, an additional exit stairway shall not be required to be installed in buildings having elevators used for occupant selfevacuation in accordance with this section.
3008.5 Emergency voice/alarm communication system. The building shall be provided with an emergency voice/alarm communication system. The emergency voice/alarm communication system shall be accessible to the fire department. The system shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.
3008.5.1 Notification appliances. A minimum of one audible and one visible notification appliance shall be installed within each occupant evacuation elevator lobby.
3008.6 Automatic sprinkler system. The building shall be protected throughout by an approved, electrically-supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, except as otherwise permitted by Section 903.3.1.1.1 and as prohibited by Section 3008.6.1.
3008.6.1 Prohibited locations. Automatic sprinklers shall not be installed in elevator machine rooms and elevator machine spaces for occupant evacuation elevators.
3008.6.2 Sprinkler system monitoring. The sprinkler system shall have a sprinkler control valve supervisory switch and waterflow-initiating device provided for each floor that is monitored by the building's fire alarm system.
3008.7 High-hazard content areas. No building areas shall contain high-hazard contents exceeding the maximum allowable quantities per control area as addressed in Section 414.2.
3008.8 Shunt trip. Means for elevator shutdown in accordance with Section 3006.5 shall not be installed on elevator systems used for occupant evacuation elevators.
3008.9 Hoistway enclosure protection. The occupant evacuation elevators shall be located in hoistway enclosure(s) complying with Section 708.
3008.10 Water protection. The occupant evacuation elevator hoistway shall be designed utilizing an approved method to prevent water from the operation of the automatic sprinkler system from infiltrating into the hoistway enclosure.
3008.11 Occupant evacuation elevator lobby. The occupant evacuation elevators shall open into an elevator lobby in accordance with Sections 3008.11.1 through 3008.11.4.
3008.11.1 Access. The occupant evacuation elevator lobby shall have direct access to an exit enclosure.
3008.11.2 Lobby enclosure. The occupant evacuation elevator lobby shall be enclosed with a smoke barrier having a minimum 1-hour fire-resistance rating, except that lobby doorways shall comply with Section 3008.11.5.
Exception: Enclosed occupant evacuation elevator lobbies are not required at the level(s) of exit discharge.
3008.11.3 Lobby doorways . Each occupant evacuation elevator lobby shall be provided with a doorway that is protected with a 3/4-hour fire door assembly complying with Section 715.4.
3008.11.3.1 Vision panel. A vision panel shall be installed in each fire door assembly protecting the lobby doorway. The vision panel shall consist of fire-protection-rated glazing and shall be located to furnish clear vision of the occupant evacuation elevator lobby.
3008.11.3.2 Door closing. Each fire door assembly protecting the lobby doorway shall be automatic-closing upon receipt of any fire alarm signal from the emergency voice/alarm communication system serving the building.
3008.11.4 Lobby size. Each occupant evacuation elevator lobby shall have minimum floor area as follows:
1. The occupant evacuation elevator lobby floor area shall accommodate, at 3 square feet (0.28 m[2]) per person, a minimum of 25 percent of the occupant load of the floor area served by the lobby.
2. The occupant evacuation elevator lobby floor area also shall accommodate one wheelchair space of 30 inches by 48 inches (760 mm by 1220 mm) for each 50 persons, or portion thereof, of the occupant load of the floor area served by the lobby.
Exception: The size of lobbies serving multiple banks of elevators shall have the minimum floor area approved on an individual basis and shall be consistent with the building's fire safety and evacuation plan.
3008.11.5 Signage . An approved sign indicating elevators are suitable for occupant self-evacuation shall be posted on all floors adjacent to each elevator call station serving occupant evacuation elevators. Signage shall comply with Chapter 11 and ICC A117.1.
3008.12 Lobby status indicator. Each occupant evacuation elevator lobby shall be equipped with a status indicator arranged to display all of the following information:
1. An illuminated green light and the message, "Elevators available for occupant evacuation" when the elevators are operating in normal service and the fire alarm system is indicating an alarm in the building.
2. An illuminated red light and the message, "Elevators out of service, use exit stairs" when the elevators are in Phase I emergency recall operation in accordance with the requirements in the "Ohio Elevator Code" as listed in Chapter 35.
3. No illuminated light or message when the elevators are operating in normal service.
3008.13 Two-way communication system. A two-way communication system shall be provided in each occupant evacuation elevator lobby for the purpose of initiating communication with the fire command center or an alternative location approved by the fire department.
3008.13.1 Design and installation. The two-way communication system shall include audible and visible signals and shall be designed and installed in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 11, ICC A117.1, NFPA 72, and the "Ohio Elevator Code.".
3008.13.2 Instructions. Instructions for the use of the two-way communication system along with the location of the station shall be permanently located adjacent to each station. Signage shall comply with Chapter 11, ICC A117.1, NFPA 72, and the "Ohio Elevator Code.".
3008.14 Elevator system monitoring. The occupant evacuation elevators shall be continuously monitored at the fire command center or a central control point approved by the fire department and arranged to display all of the following information:
1. Floor location of each elevator car.
2. Direction of travel of each elevator car.
3. Status of each elevator car with respect to whether it is occupied.
4. Status of normal power to the elevator equipment, elevator controller cooling equipment, and elevator machine room ventilation and cooling equipment.
5. Status of standby or emergency power system that provides backup power to the elevator equipment, elevator controller cooling equipment, and elevator machine room ventilation and cooling equipment.
6. Activation of any fire alarm-initiating device in any elevator lobby, elevator machine room or machine space, or elevator hoistway.
3008.14.1 Elevator recall. The fire command center or an alternative location approved by the fire department shall be provided with the means to manually initiate a Phase I Emergency Recall of the occupant evacuation elevators in accordance with the "Ohio Elevator Code" as listed in Chapter 35.
3008.15 Electrical power. The following features serving each occupant evacuation elevator shall be supplied by both normal power and Type 60/Class 2/Level 1 standby power:
1. Elevator equipment.
2. Elevator machine room ventilation and cooling equipment.
3. Elevator controller cooling equipment.
3008.15.1 Protection of wiring or cables. Wires or cables that provide normal and standby power, control signals, communication with the car, lighting, heating, air conditioning, ventilation and fire-detecting systems to occupant evacuation elevators shall be protected by construction having a minimum 1-hour fire-resistance rating or shall be circuit integrity cable having a minimum 1-hour fire-resistance rating.
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